The study was to analyze the effect of monitoring and evaluation framework and performance of projects. The case study of the research was the Rwanda Transport Development Agency (RTDA), a public institution under the Ministry of Infrastructure with the main mandate to implement all transport projects. The major objective of the research was to establish the relationship between evaluation and monitoring frame work and project performance. To achieve the above stated objective, the researcher used data collection instruments such as interviews and self administered questionnaire on 135 targeted individuals. According to the findings of the study, a considerable number of (with average of 70%) of respondents confirmed that poor project management skills of key project stakeholders, external factors like weak capacity of contractors to meet their obligations as well as donor behavior vis-à-vis their obligations like fund predictability, acquiring no objections, ect, affect the projects performance especially in planning, procurement and contract management.