Sport is rapidly growing as a tool for HIV/AIDS prevention and awareness. However evidence about its effectiveness and impact on sexual behaviour of youngsters is scarce. This book describes a case- study at the Mathare Youth Sport Association in Kenya, performed to provide more insight into the manner in which the use of sports might be advantageous for HIV/AIDS prevention and awareness. The sportive context of MYSA contributes indirectly but significantly to this purpose. Sport is used as a means to create an environment in which prevention and awareness messages can be transferred more easily. Based on the literature, we assume that the most important success factors of the MYSA HIV/AIDS prevention and awareness programme are the observed participatory strategies, peer-education, efforts to create critical consciousness through play, use of low-literacy materials and its integral approach of HIV/AIDS prevention and awareness. The analysis should help shed some light on this gap in knowledge, and be especially useful to professionals and organisations in the field of HIV prevention and Sport for Development or anyone else interested in these themes.