Several important factors contributed to the decision to produce this book. Foremost among these was the realization that basic of wildlife biology is largely ignored while complex part is dealt in detail at schools and college level in India. Although several universities and colleges in India are having wildlife biology either as a program or a course in recent years, no attempt has been comprehensively made to provide detailed knowledge about the wildlife India. Mostly, wildlife biology is dealt regional/species/group level rather than in the country level. Hence, this book deals much on the primary details about the wildlife resources of India and methods involved in studying the resources.