Timothy M. Swanson, Edward B. Barbier, Joanne C. Burgess, David W. Pearce
List of Tables
List of Figures
List of Acronyms and Abbreviations
Preface
Acknowledgements
1. Elephants in Decline
Introduction
The Decline of the African Elephant
The Role of the Ivory Trade
The Economics of the Decline in Elephant Populations
Further Issues in the Decline of Elephant Populations
Economic Incentives for Conservation
Current Situation
Appendix 1.1: A bioeconomic Model of Elephant Decline
2. African Exports: Quantity and Value
Introduction
Background to Africa's Ivory Trade
Estimating African Ivory Exports: 1950-88
The Value of African Ivory Exports: 1979-88
Intra-Africa Trade and the African Carving Industry
Appendix 2.1: An approach to Estimating African Ivory Exports, 1950-88
Appendix 2.2: Estimating the Value of African Ivory Exports, 1979-88
3. The Ivory Trade Flow: Worked and Unworked
Intermediate and Final Demand
Difficulties in Tracing Ivory Trade Flows
Trade Flows and Final Demand: Hong Kong and Japan
Trade Flows and Final Demand: Europe
Trade Flows and Final Demand: USA
Trade Flows and Final Demand: China
Trade Flows and Final
Trade Flows and Final
Conclusion
Appendix 3.1: Worked
4. Demand Analysis: J
Introduction
Japan analysis
Hong Kong analysis
Conclusion
Appendix 4.1: The Raw
Appendix 4.2: The Raw
Demand: India
Demand: other Countries
Ivory Trade Database
Japan and Hong Kong
Ivory Demand Model: Japan
Ivory Demand Model: Hong Kong
5. Policies for the Regulation of the Ivory Trade
Introduction
Regulation in the Range States
Previous Attempts at International Regulation
International Regulation and the African Elephant
Alternative Mechanisms for International Regulation
Conclusion
6. Looking to the Future: Policy Options to Save the Elephant
Current Cites Regulation: The Appendix I Listing
The Impact of an Ivory Trade Ban
A Proposal for the International Regulation of the Trade
Domestic Reform: the Importance of Local Ownership
Conclusion: The Future of the African Elephant
Index
