The article presents the results of research on obtaining low-density emulsion drilling muds stabilized by anionic surfactants (surfactants) and acrylic polyelectrolytes (PE). Anionic surfactants are obtained on the basis of organic chemical raw materials of Uzbekistan. Colloidal chemical and technological properties of emulsion-polymer solutions (EPR) have been studied. Their advantages on hydrophobizing and stabilizing action on passable rocks and clay walls of wells are established, synergetic action at formation of structure of clay suspensions is revealed. The results of pilot tests of EPR during drilling of geotechnological wells for gold in geological expedition are given.