The book attempts to analyze the relationship between energy consumption and economic growth in Indonesia and Malaysia. By employing the cointegration and Granger causality test, the book examines the causal direction between energy consumption and economic growth which provides critical input for the implementation of the energy conservation policy. Annual data on oil consumption and GDP are considered, covering the period from 1965 to 2010. The result highlights that there is cointegration relationship between energy consumption and economic growth in both countries.