This work/book represents a detailed analysis of the alternative penal punishments, as well as the national and international penal legal frameworks. It also represents a deep analysis of the concept of the alternative penal punishment, its purpose, its different kinds, as well as of the problems encountered so far during their implementation stages by the responsible institutions. Viewed under this perspective, the book is composed of three chapters, always considering as a key criterion the nature of the object under observation. Chapter One begins with the treatment of the negative consequences of the imprisonment punishment and the criticism addressed to it, which in fact gave rise to the need for the introduction of the alternative penal punishments.