Viral hepatitis is a group of human infectious diseases that are caused by various hepatotropic viruses, have different transmission mechanisms and different outcomes. Viral hepatitis occupies one of the leading places in human infectious pathology in terms of morbidity, breadth of spread, severity of course, frequency of development of chronic forms and economic damage. Currently, viral hepatitis A, B, C, D, E, G has been isolated, the pathogens of which differ in taxometric characteristics, and the diseases in epidemiological, pathogenetic features and the frequency of transition to chronic forms. Currently, the etiological involvement of viruses has not been proven TTV, SEN and NF in the development of hepatitis. Hepatitis A and E, which have a fecal-oral transmission mechanism, belong to the group of intestinal infections. Hepatitis B, C, D and G viruses cause the development of peripheral hepatitis. If none of the known viruses can be detected, viral hepatitis A or G (non-viral) is diagnosed.