This book is meant to discuss the environmental repercussions of the Anthropocene setting. In this vein, in the first chapter, it will infer its origin by studying the causality relation between energy consumption and pollution. In the second chapter, the hydrogeology of the Anthropocene was discussed, namely its manifestation in wetlands. In the third chapter, the geochemical and sedimentological records of the Anthropocene within the sedimentary filling of wetlands were studied. The fourth chapter dealt with the Anthropocene mineralogy. To sum up, the starting date and the possible scenarios were discussed in the fifth chapter.