It has become clearly to a larger pat of the population in the World that environmental conservation in a wider sense is necessary,but few of developing countries have successful in alleviating their environmental problems.The objective of this book is to stimulate discussion about the conservation of the environment and sustainability in the developing countries.The book begins with the definition of the environment,environmental conservation,and sustainable development. The heavy emphasis of the book has been placed on the state of the environment and its problems in the developing countries.The analysis of the book focusing on poverty as a major source of environmental degradation,Sudan has been taken as an example.In addition the book discusses the environmental conservation from Islamic perspective.The book examines the administrative arrangement concerns with the questions of public participation and the role of local institutions in the environmental protection.Finally thebook gives some suggestions for improvement and explain how environment can be promoted and sustainable development maintained effectively both at national as well as international levels.