The objective of the present study was to elaborate a diagnosis of environmental impact on the Piranhas River, municipality of Jardim de Piranhas - RN, in addition to proposing environmental control measures, plans and environmental programs. The methodology used was based on bibliographic, scientific and technical research, field visits and photographic records. The georeferencing of the study area was performed using geoprocessing tools, then the simplified environmental diagnosis of the area of influence of the study was prepared. Then proceeded with the identification and classification of environmental impacts, indicating environmental control measures and environmental plans and programs based on the classification of environmental impacts. According to the results obtained, 161 environmental impacts were found, being 26 not significant, 80 significant and 55 very significant, 37 environmental aspects were also characterized. The main environmental control measures proposedwere: implementation of municipal urban zoning, inspection of irregular activities in riparian areas, introduction of a management system and solid waste management.