Traditional medicine is on the danger of disappearing because of contemporary medicine and environmental impact despite some efforts from the Government of the Republic of Zambia and other international organizational to capture this native traditional knowledge. Consequently, this book sought to explain on the environmental impact on the traditional History of Zambia. The book has highlighted the development of traditional medicine at global level, African perspective and History of traditional medicine in Zambia. The value of native traditional medical knowledge and environmental impact has fully been discussed. The book has also stressed that traditional medicine is very significant in Zambia and has been in use since pre-colonial and colonial period. Therefore, it is very imperative to safeguard and preserve our environment in order to protect medicinal plants.