This book presents the environmental performance of lactic acid produced from lignocellulosic biomass (sugarcane bagasse, leaves and tops) and fossil sources using a life cycle approach. The book demonstrates that significant environmental savings can be obtained upon replacing fossil based lactic acid with biobased lactic acid. This book should be of interest to the broad readership including those interested in the diversification and value addition to existing agro-processing industries and a move towards a green economy within the framework of sustainable development.