The book presents a diagnosis of musculoskeletal disorders related to the clinical and laboratory practice of Brazilian dental students. Ergonomics is researched using a validated instrument to collect information relating to profession, musculoskeletal pain, frequency of physical activity, length of course and measures used by students, universities and professors to help prevent occupational diseases in the academic environment. The authors suggest an ergonomic protocol called PERGODONTO to be implemented in universities with the aim of helping to prevent diseases related to the clinical and routine conduct of dentistry in the academic environment.