"The importance of water is never realized until all the rivers run dry" is a true adage. Many research works have been produced on how to make this precious commodity available to people, but what are the effects when water is not provided regularly, or even not at all? This book is a presentation of a research work findings on the effects of erratic water supply on urban low income communities. It was done in Africa, Zambia, in Kitwe town and in Wusakile, an urban low income Township. This Township is representative of what happens, in all other similar townships in Zambia and generally Africa, whenever water supply is erratic or not available at all in such settlements. The findings were obtained through personal interviews, group interviews, publications and or records. These findings were then classified according to all major areas of human activities i.e. Social, Economic, Health, Developmental, environmental, educational and political effects. Recommendations are then made as to how the erratic water supply can be mitigated or even ended, according to findings and the environmental aspects of the area under study.