Several countries have established sectoral environmental units in their line ministries and agencies. These units have various roles and responsibilities towards environmental protection especially in sectors where their line ministries and agencies engaged in. In Ethiopia, too, Sectoral Environmental Units are among environmental protection organs recognized under Ethiopian environmental laws, and ministries, authorities and corporations are under legal duty to establish and make operational such units. Apart from this legal obligation, line ministries, authorities and corporations in Ethiopia do not seem that they give attention for establishment and proper operation of the units in their respective spheres. This book critically assesses the establishment and operation such units at Ministry of Mining and Energy, Ethiopian Road Authority and the Ethiopian Electric Power Corporation taking in to account what the law says in this regard and the practices by these institutions. So, the book reveals the gap associates with the establishment and proper operation of units at these institutions.