Estimating Impact

A Handbook of Computational Methods and Models for Anticipating Economic, Social, Political and Security Effects in International Interventions
Herausgegeben:Kott, Alexander; Citrenbaum, Gary

• Broschiertes Buch

Produktbeschreibung

Sociological theories of crime include: theories of strain blame crime on personal stressors; theories of social learning blame crime on its social rewards, and see crime more as an institution in conflict with other institutions rather than as in- vidual deviance; and theories of control look at crime as natural and rewarding, and explore the formation of institutions that control crime. Theorists of corruption generally agree that corruption is an expression of the Patron-Client relationship in which a person with access to resources trades resources with kin and members of the community in exchange for loyalty. Some approaches to modeling crime and corruption do not involve an explicit simulation: rule based systems; Bayesian networks; game theoretic approaches, often based on rational choice theory; and Neoclassical Econometrics, a rational choice-based approach. Simulation-based approaches take into account greater complexities of interacting parts of social phenomena. Theseinclude fuzzy cognitive maps and fuzzy rule sets that may incorporate feedback; and agent-based simulation, which can go a step farther by computing new social structures not previously identified in theory. The latter include cognitive agent models, in which agents learn how to perceive their en- ronment and act upon the perceptions of their individual experiences; and reactive agent simulation, which, while less capable than cognitive-agent simulation, is adequate for testing a policy's effects with existing societal structures. For example, NNL is a cognitive agent model based on the REPAST Simphony toolkit.

Produktdetails

• Verlag: Springer / Springer US / Springer, Berlin
• Artikelnr. des Verlages: 978-1-4899-8727-3
• 2010
• Seitenzahl: 380
• Erscheinungstermin: 20. November 2014
• Englisch
• Abmessung: 235mm x 155mm x 21mm
• Gewicht: 581g
• ISBN-13: 9781489987273
• ISBN-10: 1489987274
• Artikelnr.: 41905720

Inhaltsangabe

Introduction: Judgment and Computation.- Emerging Techniques and Tools.- Politics and Power.- Economics and Markets.- Media and Influence.- Governance and Society.- Groups and Violence.- Insurgency and Security.- Crime and Corruption.- Visualization and Comprehension.- Verification and Validation.- Conclusions: Anticipation and Action.

Rezensionen

From the reviews:

"Anyone involved in modeling or planning will want this excellent introduction. ... The book also includes a variety of case studies and examples. The editors provide several tables so that the reader may locate an example related to a mechanism of intervention, an effect of intervention, or a modeling technique. The references at the end of each chapter, as well as the index, are well done. ... an excellent introduction to the current field of modeling interventions, and will be useful and worthwhile to readers." (Brad Reid, ACM Computing Reviews, June, 2011)