Pisum sativum L. is an annual plant whose life cycle extends to one year. It is cultivated in many locations around the world during winter to early summer based on the growing region. This book discusses the potential of biochemical and molecular markers for evaluating the diversity levels within Pisum sativum L. germplasm as well as providing up-to-date information which could help improving the crop. This book is of interest to plant geneticists, plant breeders, researchers, and scientists.