This study aims to analyze the evolution of the Human Development Index and the effective actions of public policies between 1991 and 2010 in the municipality of Sousa-Paraíba. In this perspective, through descriptive research, of a qualitative nature, deductive method, documentary and bibliographic data collection, we proceeded to carry out a detailed analysis of the Human Development Index of Sousa, in order to ascertain the performance of this municipality in relation to its federative, regional and state context in the period studied, as well as to ascertain how the allocation of resources and implementation of actions by public managers contributed to the evolution of the MHDI of Sousa.