The purpose of this book is to analyse the application of the "third-party state of necessity" exclusion of illicitness to the cases of parents who are indicted for the crime of trafficking for producing an extract rich in cannabidiol for the treatment/control of refractory epilepsy suffered by their children. At the same time as analysing the matter in constitutional and principled terms, based on the rights to life and health, and on the primacy of the dignity of the human person, the research analyses the historical aspect of the use of cannabis for medicinal purposes, as well as visiting the medical literature on the general characteristics of refractory epilepsy, without prejudice to observing the treatment given by ANVISA to the possibilities of importing and extracting cannabidiol for medicinal purposes.