This book presents a new interpretation of Natural Law Theory, considered to be a proto-Covenant made by God with the gentiles, the foundation of its creation being the pillar of - man created in God's image (Gen. 1:27). I also made a cross-over study of holy wars in the Old Testament. The law of the war of Yahweh from Deut. 20 is the guide the Israelites use for this war, and the social dimension of this law places Israel on a clearly superior position in comparison with the other nations from an ethical point of view. Another look deals with the relationship of the Old Testament Prophets with Civil Authorities from the perspective of Human Rights: The case of Naboth's vineyard (1Kgs. 21:1-16). A more in-depth research handle with the oral mistranslation of the final part of "The Hymn of Simeon the God-receiver" (Luke 2:32) from the Romanian Orthodox Vespers, that is due to an anti-Semitic involvement of the clergy, under the pressure of Soviet agents. The narrative "Martha and Mary"(Luke 10:38-42) can be understood as a Christian missionary model summarizing both the contemplation of the Word of God and the practical methods of supporting the material needs of the poor etc.