The utilisation of the renewable fuels with twin-fold benefits of dwindling energy dependence and the mitigation of environmental pollutants thus heralding an era of sustainability has emerged as an issue of intense public discourse, nowadays. High viscosity and low volatility of straight vegetable oil restricts its utilisation in engines. Two-stage transesterification of oil reduces its viscosity as well as free fatty acid significantly thus rendering it worth utilization in engines. This book presents the production of methyl esters of Karanja oil (KOME) and determination of its various physicochemical properties along with performance and emission analysis of KOME in compression ignition (CI) engine.