The main themes of the papers collected in the book are related to the concepts such as metaphor, emotional meaning and narration explained mostly in the framework of Vygotskian psychology. Providing examples from Persian and English literature (e.g. Sa'di, Hafiz and William Wordsworth) makes the text readable for many interested researchers and students of language and cognitive sciences. Focusing on the pragmatic and cultural aspects of language is most important to fostering a new understanding of cognitive processing as happens in the literature as well as daily life of people living and communicating in a society.