This study investigated factors influencing the implementation of primary health care by health workers in Oyo metropolis, Oyo State, Nigeria. Primary Health Care is meant to ensure that everyone has access to health care services at all times, is well informed about health and health care services, actively and willingly participate in health care activities with full involvement of other sectors and that there is less emphasis on the treatment of diseases. The purpose of this study was to: (i) determine whether incentive will influence the implementation of primary health care by health workers (ii) determine whetheradequate community participation influence the implementation of primary health care by health workers in Oyo metropolis.