The aim of this book is to provide the results of an assessment made on factors that affect cereal crop production to ensure household food security in Dewa-Cheffa Woreda, which is located in Northern Ethiopia. Crop Production plays great role in ensuring food security at household level. In this regard, the contribution of cereal crop production has been given much attention. However, a lot of biotic and abiotic factors were found to be affecting production of cereal crops. In the study area these factors were threatening production of these crops and negatively affecting the endeavor of ensuring food security at household level. This study proposed recommendations that are useful to boost production and productivity of cereal crops to ensure household food security. I hope readers of this book will get better knowledge about the factors affecting cereal crop production to ensure household food security.