In recent years in Cuba the demand for endodontic treatment has increased considerably, the first thing that many patients wonder about the therapy is the foreseeable probabilityof success; Longitudinal monitoring is relevant, since there are several factors that can influence it.Objective is to determine the factors that influence the failure of endodontic treatment in the Faculty of Stomatology of the University of Medical Sciences of Villa Clara.The sample was selected for the research through an intentional non-probabilistic sampling by criteria and was made up of 70 patients.When identifying the result of endodontic therapy at 12 months, the treatments evaluated as success predominated, although a non-negligible number were failures. All the previously associated factors had, as a whole, a certain participation in the failure of the treatment, but it is worth highlighting the instrumentation and the obturation of the canal, which were statistically more significant compared to the others.