Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is the world's fourth most important cereal after wheat, rice and maize. Its flour is used in preparing chapaties and sattu (flour from roasted barley grains mixed with sugar and water). Pearled barley, the round kernel pellets prepared by removing the outer portion of the kernels is used as baby food and also as food for patients. The major use of barley is in brewing industries for manufacturing malt, which is used to make bear, industrial alcohol, whisky, malt syrups, brandy, malted milk, vinegar and yeast. Its surplus grains are used as concentrates for feeding livestock and poultry. Its straw and husk are good quality roughage for cattle and are used for preparing compost litter bedding and also in paper industry.