The book is divided into five main chapters which describe the most important aspects of optical fiber amplifier and laser as designed, developed and tested throughout the research. Chapter one begins with an introduction of work, a review of EDFA and EDFL, problem of electrical repeaters and merits of EDFA, objectives and scope of work. Chapter two covers a review of the brief history of EDFA , EDFA operational principles and a description of the EDFA s and EDFL s configurations. The theoretical the model of the EDFA is applied to the continuous wave operation of lasers , the effect of input power on EDFA, The effect of pump power on EDFA, and theory of fiber laser. The main objective in chapters three is to describe, discuss and analyze the new EDFA s configuration and the principal components and equipment, used in the experiments such as the circulators, pump power, optical spectrum analyzer and the couplers. Chapter four deals with EDFL parameters, and the discussion and analysis of the EDFL s results. Finally, in Chapter five, the future prospects for EDFA s and EDFL s are considered, and conclusions drawn.