Indian pharmaceutical industry has played a key role in promoting and sustaining development in the vital field of medicines. The goal of financial performance analysis is to determine the efficiency and performance of firm s management, as reflected in the financial reports. The analyst attempts to measure the firm s liquidity, profitability, and other indicators that the business is conducted in a rational and normal way ensuring enough returns to the shareholders to maintain at least its market value. In this context an attempt has been made an analysis of financial performance of pharmaceutical companies to understand how management of finance plays a crucial role in the growth. The study has been undertaken for the period of twelve years from 1997-98 to 2008-09. In order to analyze financial performance, various accounting ratios and statistical techniques have been used. In this context an attempt has been made an analysis of financial performance of pharmaceutical companies to understand how management of finance plays a crucial role in the growth. The book is a modified version of research project report financially supported by UGC, India.