The main concern of this book is to discuss whether there is a finance gap, represented by limited access to medium or long term institutional finance for small firms, and what problems small manufacturing firms encountered in obtaining loans, particularly bank loans, in Turkey. This study includes a review of financial literature regarding the types and sources of institutional finance available to small firms. In this study,an empirical work carried out among 93 small Turkish manufacturing firms. Four hypotheses were examined. The relevance of the survey findings to the financial literature as well as to other surveys' results was examined. Some recommendations were made on how to diminish the problems encountered by small Turkish manufacturing firms in obtaining institutional finance, particularly bank loans.