The Primitive tribes which are totally depending on forest resources for their livelihoods currently affected with the problem of deforestation. Large majority of them are facing the problems of poverty and food insecurity. Deforestation is an environmental issue and the primitive tribes are struggling hard to eke out their livelihoods in the degraded forest environment. The present study is mainly focused on this problem and tries to provide solution through the empirical research carried out among the three primitive tribes like Khond, Porja and Gadaba of Andhra Pradesh in India. This book basically deals with the primitive tribes and their environment, developmental programs and strategies for their sustainable livelihoods and development .This book is intended to be of interest to all those who are interested to know about Eco- friendly relations with forest, indigenous knowledge and practices in conservation of natural resources and livelihoods of primitive tribes of India, especially those in the disciplines of Anthropology and Sociology.