Modern thought is strongly tempted by the exaltation of freedom to the point of making it an absolute. An antagonism, even a contradiction, is placed between nature and freedom, because nature means determination or, at least, inclination, which seems to be an obstacle to a freedom that is conceived as absolute indifference or indeterminacy. It is on the contrary to a harmonious reconciliation between human nature and freedom that the author invites in this work. How does the opposition between human nature and freedom operate, and how can we respond to it?