French Indochina French: Indochine française; Vietnamese, pronounced, frequently abbreviated to ông Pháp was part of the French colonial empire in southeast Asia. A federation of the three Vietnamese regions, Tonkin North, Annam Central, and Cochinchina South, as well as Cambodia, was formed in 1887. Laos was added in 1893 and Kouang-Tchéou-Wan in 1900. The capital was moved from Saigon in Cochinchina to Hanoi Tonkin in 1902. During World War II, the colony was administered by Vichy France and was under Japanese occupation. Beginning in 1946, the Vietminh, a communist army led by Ho Chi Minh, began a revolt against French rule known as the French Indochina War. In Saigon, the anti-Communist State of Vietnam, led by former Emperor B o i, was granted independence in 1949. Following the Geneva Accord of 1954, the Vietminh became the government of North Vietnam, although the B o i government continued to rule in the South. The colonial administration of Annam was dissolved in 1955 and the region was split between North and South, as provided for in the Geneva Accord.