Fritz London was one of the twentieth century's key figures in the development of theoretical physics and chemistry. A quiet and self-effacing man, he was one of the founders of quantum chemistry, and was also the first to suggest that superconductivity and superfluidity could be viewed as macroscopic quantum phenomena. This thoroughly researched biography gives a detailed account of London's life and work, and, by following his correspondence with other leading physicists and chemists (such as Erwin Schrodinger, Walter Heitler, Max Born, John Bardeen, Max von Laue and Brian Pippard), examines…mehr
Fritz London was one of the twentieth century's key figures in the development of theoretical physics and chemistry. A quiet and self-effacing man, he was one of the founders of quantum chemistry, and was also the first to suggest that superconductivity and superfluidity could be viewed as macroscopic quantum phenomena. This thoroughly researched biography gives a detailed account of London's life and work, and, by following his correspondence with other leading physicists and chemists (such as Erwin Schrodinger, Walter Heitler, Max Born, John Bardeen, Max von Laue and Brian Pippard), examines the process by which scientific theories become legitimized.Hinweis: Dieser Artikel kann nur an eine deutsche Lieferadresse ausgeliefert werden.
Preface Acknowledgements Part I. From Philosophy to Physics: The years that left nothing unaffected 1. The appeal of ideas 2. Goëthe as a scientist 3. How absolute is our knowledge? 4. How do we come to know things? 5. London's teachers in philosophy 6. Husserl's teachings 7. Expectations of things to come 8. The thesis in philosophy 9. Tolman's principle of similitude 10. The necessary clarifications 11. Work on quantum theory 12. Transformation theory 13. Unsuccessful attempts at unification Part II. The Years in Berlin and the Beginnings of Quantum Chemistry: The mysterious bond 14. London in Zürich 15. Binding forces 16. The Pauli principle 17. Reactions to the Heitler-London paper 18. Polyelectronic molecules and the application of group theory to problems of chemical valence 19. Chemists as physicists? 20. London's first contacts in Berlin 21. Marriage 22. Job offers 23. Intermolecular forces 24. The book which could not be written 25. Leningrad and Rome 26. Difficulties with group theory 27. Linus Pauling's resonance structures 28. Robert Mulliken's molecular orbitals Part III. Oxford and Superconductivity: The rise of the Nazis 29. Going to Oxford 30. Lindemann, Simon and Heinz London 31. Electricity in the very cold 32. The end of old certainties 33. The thermodynamic treatment 34. The theory of Fritz and Heinz London 35. Initial reactions by von Laue 36. The discussion at the Royal Society 37. Termination of the ICI fellowship Part IV. Paris and Superfluidity: The Front Populaire 38. The article in Nature 1937 and 'Nouvelle Conception' 39. Laue again 40. The structure of solid helium 41. The peculiar properties of helium 42. Bose-Einstein condensation 43. The note in Nature 44. The two-fluid model 45. The trip to Jerusalem 46. Leaving again 47. The observer in quantum mechanics Part V. United States and the Typing up of Loose Ends: Duke University, North Carolina 48. The Soviet Union, Kapitza and Landau 49. The war years 50. The 1946 Cambridge Conference Unsettled and unsettling issues in superfluidity and superconductivity 51. Heisenberg's theory and London's program for a microscopic theory 52. More problems with Laue Hopeful signs from helium-3 53. 'Second sound' at very low temperatures 54. Writing Superfluids 55. The trip to Europe 56. Some developments in superconductivity 57. An ugly finale 58. Could Landau be right? 59. The worrisome realities of the post-war era 60. The second volume of Superfluids 61. William Fairbank 62. Further developments 63. The Lorentz Model 64. Consultantship at Los Alamos and the interview for security clearance 65. The last days List of publications of Fritz London Bibliography.
Preface Acknowledgements Part I. From Philosophy to Physics: The years that left nothing unaffected 1. The appeal of ideas 2. Goëthe as a scientist 3. How absolute is our knowledge? 4. How do we come to know things? 5. London's teachers in philosophy 6. Husserl's teachings 7. Expectations of things to come 8. The thesis in philosophy 9. Tolman's principle of similitude 10. The necessary clarifications 11. Work on quantum theory 12. Transformation theory 13. Unsuccessful attempts at unification Part II. The Years in Berlin and the Beginnings of Quantum Chemistry: The mysterious bond 14. London in Zürich 15. Binding forces 16. The Pauli principle 17. Reactions to the Heitler-London paper 18. Polyelectronic molecules and the application of group theory to problems of chemical valence 19. Chemists as physicists? 20. London's first contacts in Berlin 21. Marriage 22. Job offers 23. Intermolecular forces 24. The book which could not be written 25. Leningrad and Rome 26. Difficulties with group theory 27. Linus Pauling's resonance structures 28. Robert Mulliken's molecular orbitals Part III. Oxford and Superconductivity: The rise of the Nazis 29. Going to Oxford 30. Lindemann, Simon and Heinz London 31. Electricity in the very cold 32. The end of old certainties 33. The thermodynamic treatment 34. The theory of Fritz and Heinz London 35. Initial reactions by von Laue 36. The discussion at the Royal Society 37. Termination of the ICI fellowship Part IV. Paris and Superfluidity: The Front Populaire 38. The article in Nature 1937 and 'Nouvelle Conception' 39. Laue again 40. The structure of solid helium 41. The peculiar properties of helium 42. Bose-Einstein condensation 43. The note in Nature 44. The two-fluid model 45. The trip to Jerusalem 46. Leaving again 47. The observer in quantum mechanics Part V. United States and the Typing up of Loose Ends: Duke University, North Carolina 48. The Soviet Union, Kapitza and Landau 49. The war years 50. The 1946 Cambridge Conference Unsettled and unsettling issues in superfluidity and superconductivity 51. Heisenberg's theory and London's program for a microscopic theory 52. More problems with Laue Hopeful signs from helium-3 53. 'Second sound' at very low temperatures 54. Writing Superfluids 55. The trip to Europe 56. Some developments in superconductivity 57. An ugly finale 58. Could Landau be right? 59. The worrisome realities of the post-war era 60. The second volume of Superfluids 61. William Fairbank 62. Further developments 63. The Lorentz Model 64. Consultantship at Los Alamos and the interview for security clearance 65. The last days List of publications of Fritz London Bibliography.
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