In Ethiopian schools in general and in higher education in particular,literature has not been given due regard though it has immense contribution for language learning and teaching. And, this book- Fundamentals of Literature- comprises seven chapters and it underlines basic concepts of different literary genres. Primarily, the book has been designed to address students about cultural awareness which is one of the major objectives in EFL class. It has also significance in developing students'imaginative ability. The book also presents students the necessary knowledge for selecting, reading, enjoying and understanding different genres of literature.