Gas Transfer at Water Surfaces

Herausgeber: Donelan, M A; Wanninkhof, R.; Saltzman, E S; Drennan, W M

• Gebundenes Buch

Produktbeschreibung

Published by the American Geophysical Union as part of the Geophysical Monograph Series, Volume 127.

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Hinweis: Dieser Artikel kann nur an eine deutsche Lieferadresse ausgeliefert werden.

Produktdetails

• Verlag: Wiley
• Seitenzahl: 383
• Erscheinungstermin: 21. Januar 2002
• Englisch
• Abmessung: 274mm x 224mm x 25mm
• Gewicht: 1197g
• ISBN-13: 9780875909868
• ISBN-10: 0875909868
• Artikelnr.: 53303735

Autorenporträt

M. A. Donelan and W. M. Drennan are the authors of Gas Transfer at Water Surfaces, published by Wiley.

Inhaltsangabe

Preface
Mark A. Donelan, William M. Drennan, Eric S. Saltzman, and Rik Wanninkhof
ix
Introduction
Gas Transfer at Water Surfaces Concepts and Issues
Mark A. Donelan and Rik Wanninkhof 1
Section 1: Effects of Surface Waves and Turbulence on Gas Transfer
Turbulence Generated by Microscale Breaking Waves and Its Influence on
Air-Water Gas Transfer
Muhammad H. K. Siddiqui, Mark R. Loewen, Christine Richardson, William E.
Asher, and Andrew T. Jessup 11
On the Surface Kinematics of Microscale Breaking Wind Waves
William L. Peirson and Michael L. Banner 17
Effect of Microscale Wave Breaking on Air-Water Gas Transfer
C. J. Zappa, W. E. Asher, A. T. jessup, J. Klinke, and S. R. Long 23
Statistics of Geometric Properties of Breaking Wind Waves Observed in
Laboratory
Guillemette Caulliez 31
Overview of the CoOP Experiments: Physical and Chemical Measurements
Parameterizing Air-Sea Heat Exchange
Erik John Bock, James Bearer Edson, Nelson M. Frew, Tetsu Hara, Horst
Haussecker, Bernd Jahne,
Wade R. McCillis, Sean P. McKenna, Robert K. Nelson, Uwe Schimpf, and Mete
Uz 39
Surface Wave Observations During CoOP Experiments and Their Relation to
Air-Sea Gas Transfer
Tetsu Hara, B. Mete Uz, Hua Wei, James B. Edson, Nelson M. Frew, Wade R.
McCillis,
Sean P. McKenna, Erik J. Bock, Horst Hau&ecker, and Uwe Schimpf 45
On the Investigations of Statistical Properties of the Micro Turbulence at
the Ocean Surface
Uwe Schimpf, Bernd Jahne, and Horst Hauliecker 51
On the Skewness of the Sea Slope Probability Distribution
Bertrand Chapron, D. Vandemark, and T. Elfouhaily 59
Directional Distributions and Mean Square Slopes of Surface Waves
Paul A. Hwang and David W. Wang 65
Numerical Simulation of Hydrodynamic Processes Beneath a Wind-Driven Water
Surface
Wu-Ting Tsai 71
Direct Numerical Simulation of Turbulent Free Surface Flow with
Carbon-Dioxide Gas Absorption
Tomoaki Kunugi and Shin-ichi Satake 77
LIF Measurements of Oxygen Concentration Gradients Along Flat and Wavy
Air-Water Interfaces
Philip T. Woodrow, Jr. and Steve R. Duke 83
A Direct Visualization Method of C 0 2 Gas Transfer at Water Surface Driven
by Wind Waves
Kohsei Takehara and Goji T. Etoh 89
Measurements of Wind-Driven Current Near the Water Surface by the Use of
the PTV Method
Hajime Kato, Hisamichi Nobuoka, and Naoki Ooshima 97
Physics from IR Image Sequences: Quantitative Analysis of Transport Models
and Parameters of Air-Sea Gas Transfer
Horst W. Haussecker, Uwe Schimpf, Christoph S. Garbe, and Bernd Jahne 103
Measuring the Sea Surface Heat Flux and Probability Distribution of Surface
Renewal Events
Christoph S. Garbe, Bernd jahne, and Horst Hauliecker 109
Effects of Counter-Swell on Both the Mean Current and Turbulent Structure
Below the Wind-Waves
Shinjiro Mizuno 115
A Closer Look at Short Waves Generated by Wave Interactions With Adverse
Currents
Steven R. Long and Jochen Klinket 121
Surface Divergence and Air-Water Gas Transfer
Sean R. McKenna and Wade R. McGillis 129
Section 2: Effects of Buoyancy and Surfactants on Gas Transfer
The Critical Importance of Buoyancy Flux for Gas Flux Across the Air-Water
Interface
Sally Maclntyre, Werner Eugster, and George W. Kling 135
A Model of Air-Sea Gas Exchange Incorporating the Physics of the Turbulent
Boundary Layer
and the Properties of the Sea Surface
Alexander Soloviev and Peter Schluessel 141
Air-Lake Interaction and Surface Layer Processes
C. N. Panin, A. E. Nasonov, and S. C . Sarkisian 147
Spatial Variations in Surface Microlayer Surfactants and Their Role in
Modulating Air-Sea Exchange
Nelson M. Frew, Robert K. Nelson, Wade R. McGillis, James B. Edson, Erik J.
Bock, and Tetsu Hara 153
Thermal Profiling of the Sea Surface Skin Layer Using FTIR Measurements
Jennifer A. Hanafin and Peter J. Minnett 161
An Autonomous Profiler for Near Surface Temperature Measurements
Brian Ward and Peter J. Minnett 167
Water Column C02 Measurements During the Gas Ex-98 Expedition
R. A. Feely, R. Wanninkhof, D. A. Hansell, M. F. Lamb, D. Greeley, and K.
Lee 173
Fine Thermohaline Structure and Gas-Exchange in the Near-Surface Layer of
the Ocean During GasEx-98
Alexander Soloviev, Jim Edson, Wade McGillis, Peter Schluessel, and Rik
Wanninkhof 181
Section 3: Gas Transfer in Strong Turbulent Flows
A Field Study of Whitecap Coverage and Its Modulations by Energy Containing
Surface Waves
The Physical and Practical Implications of a C02 Gas Transfer Coefficient
That Varies as the Cube of the Wind Speed
Edward C. Monahan 193
Fractional Area Whitecap Coverage and Air-Sea Gas Transfer Velocities
Measured During GasEx-98
William Asher, James Edson, Wade McGillis, Rik Wanninkhof, David T. Ho, and
Trina Litchendorf 199
Gas Transfer in Energetic Conditions
David Kevin Woolf 205
Estimation of Whitecap Coverage Percentage Using Shallow Grazing-Angle
Video and FMICW Radar
Craig L. Stevens, M. J. Smith, and J. A. McGregor 213
ASGAMAGE, the Air-Sea Gas Exchange/MAGE Experiment
Wiebe Oost and AS AM AGE participants 219
Comparison of the Deliberate Tracer Method and Eddy Covariance Measurements
to Determine the Air/Sea Transfer Velocity of C02
Cor Jacobs, Phil Nightingale, Rob Upstill-Goddard, Jorgen Friis Kjeld,
Soren Larsen, and Wiebe Oost 225
Gas Transfer Velocities for 3He in a Lake at High Wind Speeds
Philippe Jean-Baptiste, Elise Fourre, and Alain Poisson 233
Measurement Uncertainty in Gas Exchange Coefficients
J. S. Gulliver, B. Erickson, A. J. Zaske, and K. S. Shimon 239
Measurements of Free Surface Turbulence
Joseph J. Orlins and John S. Gulliver 247
Gas Transfer Across a Zero-Shear Surface: A Local Approach
Mohamed A. Atmane and Jacques George 255
Atmosphere-Ocean Gas Exchange Due to Bubbles Generated by Wind Wave
Breaking
Roman S. Bortkovskii 261
The Effect of Bubbles on Air-Water Oxygen Transfer in the Breaker Zone
Shohachi Kakuno, Douglas B. Moog, Tetsuya Tatekawa, Kenji Takemura, and
Tatsuya Yamagishi 265
Bubble Size Distributions on the North Atlantic and North Sea
Gerrit de Leeuw and Leo H. Cohen 271
Measurements of Large Bubbles in Open-Ocean Whitecaps
Dale Stokes, Grant Deane, Svein Vagle, and David Farmer 279
The Effects of Bubbles on Mass Transfer Across the Breaking Air-Water
Interface
Satoru Komori and Ryuta Misumi 285
LUMINY - An Overview
C. de Leeuw, C. J. Kunz, C. Caulliez, D. K. Woolf, P. Bowyer, I. Leifer, P.
Nightingale, M. Liddicoat, T. 5. Rhee, M. O. Andreae, S. E. Larsen, F. A.
Hansen, and 5. Lund 291
Bubbles Outside the Plume During the LUMINY Wind-Wave Experiment
Gerrit de Leeuw and Ira Leifer 295
Bubble Measurements in Breaking-Wave Generated Bubble Plumes During the
LUMINY Wind-Wave Experiment
Ira Leifer and Gerrit de Leeuw 303
An Experimental Study of Bubble Mediated Gas Exchange for a Single Bubble
Nobuhito Mori, Masahiro Imamura, and Ryosuke Yamamoto 311
Better Bubble Process Modeling: Improved Bubble Hydrodynamics
Parameterization
Ranjan Patro, Ira Leifer, and Peter Bowyer 315
Development and Testing of an Eddy Accumulator
W. John Cooper, Mehran Alaee, and Mark Donelan 321
Section 4: Remote Sensing for Large-Scale Gas Transfer
A Multi-Year Time Series of Global Gas Transfer Velocity from theTOPEX Dual
Frequency,
Normalized Radar Backscatter Algorithm
David M. Glover, Nelson M. Frew, Scott J . McCue, and Erik J . Bock 325
A Global, High Resolution, Satellite-Based Model of Air-Sea Isoprene Flux
David J. Erickson III and Jose L. Hernandez 333
Daily Surface Wind Fields Produced by Merged Satellite Data
Abderrahim Bentamy, Kristina B. Katsaros, William M. Drennan, and Evan B.
Forde 343
The Effect of Using Time-Averaged Winds on Regional Air-Sea C 0 2 Fluxes
Rik Wanninkhof, Scott C. Doney, Taro Takahashi, and Wade R. McGillis 351
Section 5: Gas Transfer by Aeration
A Dynamic Method to Estimate the Reoxygenation Rate at Hydraulic Structures
Badre E. Boumansour, Olivier Dufayt, Jean L. Vasel, and Jean M. Hiver 357
Mass Transfer in Bubbly Flows: Influence of Physico-Chemical and
Hydrodynamic Conditions
Cornelia Lang 363
Air-Water Gas Transfer in Uniform Flows With Large Gravel-Bed Roughness
Douglas B. Moog and Gerhard H. Jirka 371
Large Scale Laboratory Experiments for Water Oxygenation Under Breaking
Waves
V. K. Tsoukala, E. I. Dan HI, and C. I. Moutzouris 377