Gender Inequality: A Reference Handbook discusses the role women have played throughout human history and play in the modern day, including both advances that have been made in the fight for equality and problems remaining to be solved. Gender Inequality: A Reference Handbook is divided into two parts. Chapters One and Two provide a historical background to the topic and a review of current issues and problems. The remaining chapters aid readers in continuing their own research on the topic, through an extended annotated bibliography, chronology, glossary, noteworthy individuals and…mehr
Gender Inequality: A Reference Handbook discusses the role women have played throughout human history and play in the modern day, including both advances that have been made in the fight for equality and problems remaining to be solved. Gender Inequality: A Reference Handbook is divided into two parts. Chapters One and Two provide a historical background to the topic and a review of current issues and problems. The remaining chapters aid readers in continuing their own research on the topic, through an extended annotated bibliography, chronology, glossary, noteworthy individuals and organizations in the field, and important data and documents. This book covers the topic of gender inequality from the earliest pages of human history to the present day. It differs from other works in the field primarily because of the variety of resources provided, such as further reading, perspective essays on the topic, a historical timeline, and useful terms in the field. It is intended for readers of high school through the community college level, along with adult readers who may be interested in the topic.
David E. Newton is the author of more than 400 textbooks, encyclopedias, workbooks, and other educational materials, primarily in the field of science and math.
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Preface 1 Background and History Introduction Men and Women; Female and Male Matriarchy and Patriarchy No Matriarchal Societies? Why Paternity? Subordination of Women Legal Restrictions Always Male Privilege? Opposing Voices Cross-Dressing The Rise of Feminism The Woman's Rights Movement in the United States: 19th Century Aftermath of the Seneca Falls Convention Women's Rights Organizations Legislative Campaigns The Lost Constituency The Battle Continues The Progressive Era The Woman's Movement in the United States 1920-1960 The Second Wave of Feminism Third Wave Feminism A Fourth Wave of Feminism? Conclusion References 2 Problems Controversies and Solutions Introduction The Equal Rights Amendment Biology as Destiny Education Politics The Workplace and Pay Inequities Solutions Women in Business: The Glass Ceiling and Glass Cliff The Pay Gap Gender Inequality in the Professions Gender Inequality in Sports Sexual Harassment Gender Inequality Today Men's Movement References 3 Perspectives Introduction Who's Disadvantaged? by Sandy Becker Reference It's Time to Fix STEM by Kathleen Frost References Teaching Sex Education in Zambia Changed My Perspective of Feminism by Emily Hirsch References Gender Inequality in Medical Research by Carolyn Hoemann References Beyond Gender Equality: Creating Equity for People of All Genders by Lila Leatherman References The Impact of Mentoring by Maeve McCarthy Stephen Cobb Claire Fuller Paula Waddill and Robin Zhang References We Need a Reset by Alyssa Kara Miller References Intersectionality: A Brief History by Kimberly A. Probolus References Micro-Level Gender Inequality: A Transgender Man's Perspective by Jay Sorensen References Gender Equity: We're All in This Together by Marissa Williams and Martha Rampton 4 Profiles Introduction Susan B. Anthony (1820-1906) Margaret Brent (ca. 1601-ca. 1671) Center for American Women in Politics Christine de Pizan (1364-ca. 1430) François Marie Charles Fourier (1772-1837) Betty Friedan (1921-2006) Institute for Women's Policy Research Maria Mitchell (1818-1889) National Organization for Women National Women's Law Center Alice Paul (1885-1977) Jeannette Rankin (1880-1973) Deborah Sampson (1760-1827) Sojourner Truth (1797-1883) Women's Bureau References 5 Data and Documents Introduction Data Table 5.1. Income Inequality by Sex in the United States 1960-2016 Table 5.2. Median Weekly Earnings of Full-Time Wage and Salary Workers by Detailed Occupation and Sex (in dollars) Table 5.3. Women's Earnings as a Percentage of Men's by Age for Full-Time Wage and Salary Workers 1979-2017 Table 5.4. Historical Summary of Higher Education Faculty: Selected Years 1869-1970 through 2015-2016 Table 5.5. Employment Status of Women and Men in the United States 1978-2018 (in thousands) Documents The Holy Bible (Sixth Century BCE [?]) Aristotle on Women (Fourth Century BCE) Early Christian Leaders Taming of the Shrew (ca. 1593) An Act Concerning Feme-Sole Traders (1718) Coverture (1765) Abigail Adams to John Adams (1776) A Vindication of the Rights of Woman: With Strictures on Political and Moral Subjects (1792) Suffrage Laws Declaration of Sentiments Grievances and Resolutions (1848) New York Married Women's Property Laws (1848) Bradwell v. State 83 U.S. 130 (1872) Minor v. Happersett 88 U.S. 162 (1874) In Re Lockwood 154 U.S. 116 (1894) Muller Plaintiff in Error v. the State of Oregon 208 U.S. 412 (1908) We Oppose Woman Suffrage (ca. 1916) Equal Pay Act of 1963 Title IX of the Educational Amendments of 1972 Cohen v. Brown University (1992) Davis v. Monroe County Board of Education (1999) 6 Resources for Further Research Introduction Books Articles Reports Internet 7 Chronology Introduction Glossary Index About the Author
Preface 1 Background and History Introduction Men and Women; Female and Male Matriarchy and Patriarchy No Matriarchal Societies? Why Paternity? Subordination of Women Legal Restrictions Always Male Privilege? Opposing Voices Cross-Dressing The Rise of Feminism The Woman's Rights Movement in the United States: 19th Century Aftermath of the Seneca Falls Convention Women's Rights Organizations Legislative Campaigns The Lost Constituency The Battle Continues The Progressive Era The Woman's Movement in the United States 1920-1960 The Second Wave of Feminism Third Wave Feminism A Fourth Wave of Feminism? Conclusion References 2 Problems Controversies and Solutions Introduction The Equal Rights Amendment Biology as Destiny Education Politics The Workplace and Pay Inequities Solutions Women in Business: The Glass Ceiling and Glass Cliff The Pay Gap Gender Inequality in the Professions Gender Inequality in Sports Sexual Harassment Gender Inequality Today Men's Movement References 3 Perspectives Introduction Who's Disadvantaged? by Sandy Becker Reference It's Time to Fix STEM by Kathleen Frost References Teaching Sex Education in Zambia Changed My Perspective of Feminism by Emily Hirsch References Gender Inequality in Medical Research by Carolyn Hoemann References Beyond Gender Equality: Creating Equity for People of All Genders by Lila Leatherman References The Impact of Mentoring by Maeve McCarthy Stephen Cobb Claire Fuller Paula Waddill and Robin Zhang References We Need a Reset by Alyssa Kara Miller References Intersectionality: A Brief History by Kimberly A. Probolus References Micro-Level Gender Inequality: A Transgender Man's Perspective by Jay Sorensen References Gender Equity: We're All in This Together by Marissa Williams and Martha Rampton 4 Profiles Introduction Susan B. Anthony (1820-1906) Margaret Brent (ca. 1601-ca. 1671) Center for American Women in Politics Christine de Pizan (1364-ca. 1430) François Marie Charles Fourier (1772-1837) Betty Friedan (1921-2006) Institute for Women's Policy Research Maria Mitchell (1818-1889) National Organization for Women National Women's Law Center Alice Paul (1885-1977) Jeannette Rankin (1880-1973) Deborah Sampson (1760-1827) Sojourner Truth (1797-1883) Women's Bureau References 5 Data and Documents Introduction Data Table 5.1. Income Inequality by Sex in the United States 1960-2016 Table 5.2. Median Weekly Earnings of Full-Time Wage and Salary Workers by Detailed Occupation and Sex (in dollars) Table 5.3. Women's Earnings as a Percentage of Men's by Age for Full-Time Wage and Salary Workers 1979-2017 Table 5.4. Historical Summary of Higher Education Faculty: Selected Years 1869-1970 through 2015-2016 Table 5.5. Employment Status of Women and Men in the United States 1978-2018 (in thousands) Documents The Holy Bible (Sixth Century BCE [?]) Aristotle on Women (Fourth Century BCE) Early Christian Leaders Taming of the Shrew (ca. 1593) An Act Concerning Feme-Sole Traders (1718) Coverture (1765) Abigail Adams to John Adams (1776) A Vindication of the Rights of Woman: With Strictures on Political and Moral Subjects (1792) Suffrage Laws Declaration of Sentiments Grievances and Resolutions (1848) New York Married Women's Property Laws (1848) Bradwell v. State 83 U.S. 130 (1872) Minor v. Happersett 88 U.S. 162 (1874) In Re Lockwood 154 U.S. 116 (1894) Muller Plaintiff in Error v. the State of Oregon 208 U.S. 412 (1908) We Oppose Woman Suffrage (ca. 1916) Equal Pay Act of 1963 Title IX of the Educational Amendments of 1972 Cohen v. Brown University (1992) Davis v. Monroe County Board of Education (1999) 6 Resources for Further Research Introduction Books Articles Reports Internet 7 Chronology Introduction Glossary Index About the Author
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