This is a reference book which describes the importance, dietary aspects, key features of lentil and genetic analysis by using several diverse lines of lentil. Dietary aspect, importance and features of lentil were discussed in earlier chapters. In respect of genetic analysis, data were taken on different quantitative traits and utilized for assessment of various genetic parameter. Methodology of genetic analysis was also written and their outcomes were given in this book. The genetic analysis revealed a wide range of variability for all the traits. Crop yield showed significant correlation with yield traits. Path analysis exhibited the effect of desirable components for direct effect on yield, i.e.biological yield, harvest index and seed index. The traits identified above may be considered during formulation of selection strategy for developing high yielding varieties. In Diversity analysis, entries showed heterogenous origin, indicating no parallelism among genetic and geographic diversity. The latest research findings in genetic aspect for improvement of lentil had been incorporated in this book and it contains the latest, reliable and readily useable information of lentil crop.