The book presents the biological importance of phosphorus and strategies adopted for isolation and screening of PSM (s), mechanisms of P solubilization, mechanisms of plant growth promotion, and method for the development of microphos. Furthermore, some novel approaches including molecular tools used to identify the potential phosphate-solubilising microbes are presented. The recent advances in understanding the genetics and molecular biology of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and the genetic engineering of bacterial strains with enhanced phosphate-solubilizing activity are discussed that is likely to lead to improve the efficiency of micro phosphate inoculants and crop productivity. The problems, prospect and potentials of phosphate-solubilising microbes and their impact on agriculturally important crops grown in conventional soils are discussed separately.