The system of mineral resource management as a complex of legal, geological-economic, and sociopolitical factors has been determined. Concepts of the state and commercial geological-economic assessment of mineral deposits, the notion of rent, and its role in the mining industry have been presented. The procedure of geological tracking of subsoil use, in particular, the specifics of legal relations in the process of subsoil use, has been described.The structure of the geological sphere and main executives of the geological-economic assessment have been analyzed. The procedure of geological-economic assessment for different types of subsoil use and the feasibility study of the deposit conditions have been characterized.