In this research, the author deals with the global governance issues raised by climate change and sustainable development considered as global public goods in international relations. In this respect, a rigorous analysis of the logic of action carried out by the actors of the international system in relation to the climate issue is observed. While some States have taken on the threat of climate change and are consequently striving to adopt sustainable environmental policies to preserve future generations, others do not hesitate to use subterfuge to evade the regulatory mechanisms taken in this direction.