Ghana holds a significant position in global bauxite production, ranking as the third-largest contributor on the African continent. Moreover, the country is the second-largest gold producer in Africa. Nevertheless, over the past few decades, the region has witnessed environmental degradation due to ongoing forest management, health risks, harvesting practices, and the conversion of agricultural lands to accommodate bauxite and other mining operations within the Atewa forest and its surroundings. Despite sustained efforts, Ghana has yet to fully harness the potential of this valuable resource for social and economic development. This book delves into the governance of the mining sector, covering aspects such as responsibilities, legal frameworks, governmental structures, primary functions, policy formulation, global collaboration, and objectives, among others. It also employs various techniques and leverages technological innovations to mitigate the adverse ecological impacts of illegal mining activities in mining regions.