The perception of the forest as an economic safety net for rural poor is currently receiving global attention. The researcher examines the role and potential of Gnetum africanum with local appellation Eru (NTFP) in Poverty Alleviation in the Mount Cameroon Region. Findings indicate the importance of the plant in multiple spheres including trade, aliment and medicine etc. The positive transformation that the plant has on the livelihood of an entire community is carefully investigated. The researcher reflects on some challenges plaguing the sector and suggests ways of improvement. Among them are policy reforms that define and promote indigenous rights and provide incentives for sustainable exploitation, storage, management and marketing of Eru.