Normal cognitive decline is associated with age, but cognitive impairments other than normal aging causes are quite prevalent conditions in the adult aging population. This book discusses differential types of dementias and describes other causes, such as delirium and depression, as possible causes of cognitive impairments. It emphasizes that an early and accurate diagnosis of cognitively impairing conditions can significantly help improve the affected individuals' life.Concerning the management of patients with cognitive impairments, this book reviews different diagnostic tools, pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions that are proven to be beneficial in the treatment of the affected individuals and discusses caregiving and placement issues.