The use of synthetic chemical dyes in various industrial processes, including paper and pulp manufacturing, plastics, dyeing of cloth, leather treatment and printing, has increased considerably over the last few years, resulting in the release of dye-containing industrial effluents into the soil and aquatic ecosystems. The textile industry generates high-polluting wastewaters and their treatment is a very serious problem due to high total dissolved solids (TDS), presence of toxic heavy metals, and the non-biodegradable nature of the dyestuffs in the effluent. The chapters in this book provide…mehr
The use of synthetic chemical dyes in various industrial processes, including paper and pulp manufacturing, plastics, dyeing of cloth, leather treatment and printing, has increased considerably over the last few years, resulting in the release of dye-containing industrial effluents into the soil and aquatic ecosystems. The textile industry generates high-polluting wastewaters and their treatment is a very serious problem due to high total dissolved solids (TDS), presence of toxic heavy metals, and the non-biodegradable nature of the dyestuffs in the effluent. The chapters in this book provide an overview of the problem and its solution from different angles. These problems and solutions are presented in a genuinely holistic way by world-renowned researchers. Discussed are various promising techniques to remove dyes, including the use of nanotechnology, ultrasound, microwave, catalysts, biosorption, enzymatic treatments, advanced oxidation processes, etc., all of which are "green." Green Chemistry for Dyes Removal from Wastewater comprehensively discusses: * Different types of dyes, their working and methodologies and various physical, chemical and biological treatment methods employed * Application of advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) in dye removal whereby highly reactive hydroxyl radicals are generated chemically, photochemically and/or by radiolytic/ sonolytic means. The potential of ultrasound as an AOP is discussed as well. * Nanotechnology in the treatment of dye removal types of adsorbents for removal of toxic pollutants from aquatic systems * Photocatalytic oxidation process for dye degradation under both UV and visible light, application of solar light and solar photoreactor in dye degradationHinweis: Dieser Artikel kann nur an eine deutsche Lieferadresse ausgeliefert werden.
Sanjay K. Sharma is Professor and Head of the Department of Chemistry, JECRC University, Jaipur, India, where he teaches engineering chemistry, environmental chemistry, green chemistry, spectroscopy and organic chemistry. He has published 16 books on chemistry and more than 60 research papers. Dr. Sharma is also serving as Editor-in-Chief for the RASAYAN Journal of Chemistry. He is a Fellow of the Royal Society of Chemistry (UK), member of the American Chemical Society and International Society for Environmental Information Sciences (ISEIS, Canada).
Inhaltsangabe
Preface xiii Acknowledgements xix About the Editor xxi 1. Removal of Organic Dyes from Industrial Effluents: An Overview of Physical and Biotechnological Applications 1 Mehtap Ejder-Korucu, Ahmet Gurses, Cetin Dogar, Sanjay K. Sharma, and Metin Acikyildiz 1.1 Introduction 2 1.2 Classification of Dyes 5 1.3 Technologies for Color Removal 10 References 22 2. Novel Carbon-Based Nanoadsorbents for Removal of Synthetic Textile Dyes from Wastewaters 35 Shamik Chowdhury, Rajasekhar Balasubramanian, and Papita Das Acronyms 35 2.1 Introduction 36 2.2 Basic Properties of Carbon Nanoadsorbents 37 2.3 Adsorpton of Textile Dyes by Carbon Nanoadsorbents 44 2.4 Mechanism of Dye Adsorption onto Carbon-Based Nanoadsorbents 73 2.5 Conclusion and Future Perspectives 74 References 76 3. Advanced Oxidation Processes for Removal of Dyes from Aqueous Media 83 Suheyda Atalay and Gulin Ersoz 3.1 Introduction 84 3.2 Advanced Oxidation Processes 85 3.3 Concluding Remarks 109 References 110 4. Photocatalytic Processes for the Removal of Dye 119 Pankaj Chowdhury, Ali Elkamel, and Ajay K. Ray 4.1 Introduction 119 4.2 Photocatalysis - An Emerging Technology 125 4.3 Photo-Oxidation Mechanism 126 4.4 Solar Photocatalysis/Photoreactors 126 4.5 Solar Photoreactor for Degradation of Different Dyes 128 4.6 Dependence of Dye Degradation on Different Parameters 129 4.7 Conclusions 134 Acknowledgement 134 References 135 5. Removal of Dyes from Effluents Using Biowaste-Derived Adsorbents 139 Pejman Hadi, Sanjay K. Sharma, and Gordon McKay 5.1 Introduction 140 5.2 Agro-Based Waste Materials as Dye Adsorbents 142 References 192 6. Use of Fungal Laccases and Peroxidases for Enzymatic Treatment of Wastewater Containing Synthetic Dyes 203 Keisuke Ikehata 6.1 Introduction 203 6.2 Textile Dyes - Classifications, Chemical Structures and Environmental Impacts 205 6.3 Biodegradation of Synthetic Dyes by White Rot Fungi 213 6.4 Fungal Decolorization Mechanisms and Involvement of Ligninolytic Enzymes 219 6.5 Classification and Enzymology of Ligninolytic Enzymes 220 6.6 Enzymatic Treatment of Synthetic Dyes 228 6.7 Concluding Remarks 237 Acknowledgements 248 References 248 7. Single and Hybrid Applications of Ultrasound for Decolorization and Degradation of Textile Dye Residuals in Water 261 Nilsun H. Ince and Asu Ziylan 7.1 Overview of the Textile Industry, Dyestuff and Dyeing Mill Effluents 262 7.2 Sonication: A Viable AOP for Decolorizing/Detoxifying Dying Process Effluents 265 7.3 Hybrid Processes with Ultrasound: A Synergy of Combinations 274 7.4 Conclusions 285 References 286 8. Biosorption of Organic Dyes: Research Opportunities and Challenges 295 Guilherme L. Dotto, Sanjay K. Sharma, and Luiz A. A. Pinto Acronyms 295 8.1 General Considerations 296 8.2 Biosorbents 299 8.3 Factors Affecting Biosorption 308 8.4 Biosorption Isotherms, Thermodynamics and Kinetics 313 8.5 Future Perspectives and Challenges 322 References 323 9. Dye Adsorption on Expanding Three-Layer Clays 331 Tolga Depci and Mehmet S. Celik 9.1 Introduction 331 9.2 Classification of Dyes 334 9.3 The Expanding Three-Layer Clay Minerals and Dye Adsorption 336 9.4 General Remarks 352 References 353 10. Non-conventional Adsorbents for Dye Removal 359 Gregorio Crini 10.1 Introduction 359 10.2 Activated Carbons from Solid Wastes 362 10.3 Clays 364 10.4 Siliceous Materials 367 10.5 Zeolites 369 10.6 Agricultural Solid Wastes 371 10.7 Industrial Byproducts 373 10.8 Peat 375 10.9 Chitin and Chitosan 377 10.10 Biomass 380 10.11 Starch-Based Derivatives 383 10.12 Miscellaneous Adsorbents 385 10.13 Concluding Remarks 388 References 389 11. Hen Feather: A Remarkable Adsorbent for Dye Removal 409 Alok Mittal and Jyoti Mittal 11.1 Introduction 410 11.2 Adsorbate Materials - Azo Dyes 413 11.3 Adsorbent Material - Hen Feather 417 11.4 Preliminary Investigations 420 11.5 Adsorption Isotherm Models 427 11.6 Kinetics Measurements 441 11.7 Conclusions 451 References 452 Index 459
Preface xiii Acknowledgements xix About the Editor xxi 1. Removal of Organic Dyes from Industrial Effluents: An Overview of Physical and Biotechnological Applications 1 Mehtap Ejder-Korucu, Ahmet Gurses, Cetin Dogar, Sanjay K. Sharma, and Metin Acikyildiz 1.1 Introduction 2 1.2 Classification of Dyes 5 1.3 Technologies for Color Removal 10 References 22 2. Novel Carbon-Based Nanoadsorbents for Removal of Synthetic Textile Dyes from Wastewaters 35 Shamik Chowdhury, Rajasekhar Balasubramanian, and Papita Das Acronyms 35 2.1 Introduction 36 2.2 Basic Properties of Carbon Nanoadsorbents 37 2.3 Adsorpton of Textile Dyes by Carbon Nanoadsorbents 44 2.4 Mechanism of Dye Adsorption onto Carbon-Based Nanoadsorbents 73 2.5 Conclusion and Future Perspectives 74 References 76 3. Advanced Oxidation Processes for Removal of Dyes from Aqueous Media 83 Suheyda Atalay and Gulin Ersoz 3.1 Introduction 84 3.2 Advanced Oxidation Processes 85 3.3 Concluding Remarks 109 References 110 4. Photocatalytic Processes for the Removal of Dye 119 Pankaj Chowdhury, Ali Elkamel, and Ajay K. Ray 4.1 Introduction 119 4.2 Photocatalysis - An Emerging Technology 125 4.3 Photo-Oxidation Mechanism 126 4.4 Solar Photocatalysis/Photoreactors 126 4.5 Solar Photoreactor for Degradation of Different Dyes 128 4.6 Dependence of Dye Degradation on Different Parameters 129 4.7 Conclusions 134 Acknowledgement 134 References 135 5. Removal of Dyes from Effluents Using Biowaste-Derived Adsorbents 139 Pejman Hadi, Sanjay K. Sharma, and Gordon McKay 5.1 Introduction 140 5.2 Agro-Based Waste Materials as Dye Adsorbents 142 References 192 6. Use of Fungal Laccases and Peroxidases for Enzymatic Treatment of Wastewater Containing Synthetic Dyes 203 Keisuke Ikehata 6.1 Introduction 203 6.2 Textile Dyes - Classifications, Chemical Structures and Environmental Impacts 205 6.3 Biodegradation of Synthetic Dyes by White Rot Fungi 213 6.4 Fungal Decolorization Mechanisms and Involvement of Ligninolytic Enzymes 219 6.5 Classification and Enzymology of Ligninolytic Enzymes 220 6.6 Enzymatic Treatment of Synthetic Dyes 228 6.7 Concluding Remarks 237 Acknowledgements 248 References 248 7. Single and Hybrid Applications of Ultrasound for Decolorization and Degradation of Textile Dye Residuals in Water 261 Nilsun H. Ince and Asu Ziylan 7.1 Overview of the Textile Industry, Dyestuff and Dyeing Mill Effluents 262 7.2 Sonication: A Viable AOP for Decolorizing/Detoxifying Dying Process Effluents 265 7.3 Hybrid Processes with Ultrasound: A Synergy of Combinations 274 7.4 Conclusions 285 References 286 8. Biosorption of Organic Dyes: Research Opportunities and Challenges 295 Guilherme L. Dotto, Sanjay K. Sharma, and Luiz A. A. Pinto Acronyms 295 8.1 General Considerations 296 8.2 Biosorbents 299 8.3 Factors Affecting Biosorption 308 8.4 Biosorption Isotherms, Thermodynamics and Kinetics 313 8.5 Future Perspectives and Challenges 322 References 323 9. Dye Adsorption on Expanding Three-Layer Clays 331 Tolga Depci and Mehmet S. Celik 9.1 Introduction 331 9.2 Classification of Dyes 334 9.3 The Expanding Three-Layer Clay Minerals and Dye Adsorption 336 9.4 General Remarks 352 References 353 10. Non-conventional Adsorbents for Dye Removal 359 Gregorio Crini 10.1 Introduction 359 10.2 Activated Carbons from Solid Wastes 362 10.3 Clays 364 10.4 Siliceous Materials 367 10.5 Zeolites 369 10.6 Agricultural Solid Wastes 371 10.7 Industrial Byproducts 373 10.8 Peat 375 10.9 Chitin and Chitosan 377 10.10 Biomass 380 10.11 Starch-Based Derivatives 383 10.12 Miscellaneous Adsorbents 385 10.13 Concluding Remarks 388 References 389 11. Hen Feather: A Remarkable Adsorbent for Dye Removal 409 Alok Mittal and Jyoti Mittal 11.1 Introduction 410 11.2 Adsorbate Materials - Azo Dyes 413 11.3 Adsorbent Material - Hen Feather 417 11.4 Preliminary Investigations 420 11.5 Adsorption Isotherm Models 427 11.6 Kinetics Measurements 441 11.7 Conclusions 451 References 452 Index 459
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