This book is all about the state of our planet and pathways to a sustainable future. It explains how an ever increasing human interaction and tryst with the resources of nature have pushed the life support systems of the Earth to the edge. The various chapters explain that the Earth has become so susceptible to further shocks that only a global action to build resilience in its ecosystems can delay a catastrophic situation due to changing climate. The crucial topics which are addressed in this book include ecosystem functioning (thresholds and challenges), biodiversity (species extinction, biotechnology challenge, genotype interaction, and conservation initiatives), green economics (transformation of conventional economics, green business, green energy, and greening of transport, buildings, food production, tourism), priorities for education and research in addition to a paradigm shift in human endeavor for sustainable living. Environmental scientists, conservation biologists, resource managers, social-ecologists, policy makers and all those seeking knowledge of the state of our planet should find this book interesting.