Groundwater represents more than 95% of the world's fresh water and is an important source of drinking water. As the years go by, the population is growing and its water needs are increasing for itself and for all its activities, agriculture, industry, etc. This will affect the water resources both quantitatively and qualitatively. The protection of groundwater against pollution, whatever its origin, requires monitoring. The decontamination processes of polluted groundwater use physical, chemical and biological methods. Soil pollution is also a current environmental problem, which has a serious impact on human, animal and plant health. Soil remediation has become an urgent necessity, the aim of which is to restore polluted sites to a state as close as possible to the state prior to the pollution.