In the first chapter - we try to carry out a historical investigation into the development of the discipline of Art Anthropology, going through different theories, traditions and perspectives, with the Guarani material culture, art and cosmology of Mato Grosso do Sul as the driving force. In the second chapter, we provide information about the Jaguapirú Village and the Bororó Village - located in the municipality of Dourados, in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul (Midwest Brazil). In this way, we go through issues involving archaeology, history, social, political and economic organization until we get into the production of Guarani art, artefacts and sacred and ritualistic objects. In the third chapter - we emphasize that art is a subject that anthropology has been dealing with for a long time, where various thinkers have brought their visions - going through different schools or traditions. Thus, this chapter presents a Guarani Amerindian view of sacred objects. Finally, in the fourth chapter, we go through issues involving history, social, political and economic organization, until we get to the production of Guarani art, artefacts and sacred and ritualistic objects.