Ccps (Center For Chemical Process Safety)
Guidelines for Safe Automation of Chemical Processes
Ccps (Center For Chemical Process Safety)
Guidelines for Safe Automation of Chemical Processes
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This book provides designers and operators of chemical process facilities with a general philosophy and approach to safe automation, including independent layers of safety. An expanded edition, this book includes a revision of original concepts as well as chapters that address new topics such as use of wireless automation and Safety Instrumented Systems. This book also provides an extensive bibliography to related publications and topic-specific information.
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This book provides designers and operators of chemical process facilities with a general philosophy and approach to safe automation, including independent layers of safety. An expanded edition, this book includes a revision of original concepts as well as chapters that address new topics such as use of wireless automation and Safety Instrumented Systems. This book also provides an extensive bibliography to related publications and topic-specific information.
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Hinweis: Dieser Artikel kann nur an eine deutsche Lieferadresse ausgeliefert werden.
Produktdetails
- Produktdetails
- Verlag: John Wiley & Sons / Wiley
- 2nd Revised edition
- Seitenzahl: 648
- Erscheinungstermin: 5. Dezember 2016
- Englisch
- Abmessung: 240mm x 164mm x 37mm
- Gewicht: 1025g
- ISBN-13: 9781118949498
- ISBN-10: 1118949498
- Artikelnr.: 43706812
- Verlag: John Wiley & Sons / Wiley
- 2nd Revised edition
- Seitenzahl: 648
- Erscheinungstermin: 5. Dezember 2016
- Englisch
- Abmessung: 240mm x 164mm x 37mm
- Gewicht: 1025g
- ISBN-13: 9781118949498
- ISBN-10: 1118949498
- Artikelnr.: 43706812
Since 1985, the Center for Chemical Process Safety (CCPS) has been the global leader in developing and disseminating information on process safety management and technology. CCPS, an industry technology alliance of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers (AIChE), has published over 100 books in its process safety guidelines and process safety concepts series, and over 100 training modules through its Safety in Chemical Engineering Education (SACHE).
List of Figures Xi List of Tables Xvii Abbreviations Xix Glossary Xxiii 1
Process Safety and Safe Automation 1 1.1 Objective 7 1.2 Scope 9 1.3
Limitations 9 1.4 Target Audience 11 1.5 Incidents That Define Safe
Automation 13 1.6 Overview of the Contents 18 1.7 Key Differences 21 2 The
Role of Automation in Process Safety 23 2.1 Process Operations 23 2.2 Plant
Automation 33 2.3 A Framework for Process Safety 42 2.4 Risk-Based Design
54 2.5 Risk Management of Existing Facility 78 3 Automation Specification
83 3.1 Process Automation Lifecycle 83 3.2 Functional Specification 91 3.3
Designing For Operating Objectives 92 3.4 Inherently Safer Practices 104
3.5 Designing for Core Attributes 107 3.6 Control and Safety System
Integration 133 4 Design And Implementation Of Process Control Systems 153
4.1 Input and Output Field Signal Types 161 4.2 Basic Application Program
Functions 162 4.3 Process Control Objectives 165 4.4 Process Controller
Technology Selection 172 4.5 Detailed Application Program Design 194 5
Design and Implementation of Safety Controls, Alarms, and Interlocks (SCAI)
211 5.1 SCAI Classification 215 5.2 Design Considerations 220 5.3 SCAI
Technology Selection 244 6 Administrative Controls and Monitoring 265 6.1
Introduction 265 6.2 Automation Organization Management 266 6.3 Process
Safety Information 269 6.4 Operating Procedures 273 6.5 Maintenance
Planning 291 6.6 Human and Systematic Failure Management 303 6.7 Management
of Change 316 6.8 Auditing, Monitoring and Metrics 321 Appendix A. Control
System Considerations 329 Appendix B. Power, Grounding, and Shielding 371
Appendix C. Communications 391 C.1 Communication Classifications 391 C.2
Common Communication Network Topologies 395 C.3 Communication between
Devices 397 C.4 Wireless Communication 400 C.5 Common Communication
Configurations 403 C.6 Common Data Communication Issues 407 C.7 Process
Control and Safety System Communications 412 C.8 SCAI Communications 419
Appendix D. Alarm Management 423 D.1 Alarms 423 D.2 Standards and Resources
423 D.3 Alarm Management 423 D.4 Managing the Safety Aspects Of Alarms 436
D.5 Alarm System Performance Benchmarking 437 D.6 Alarm Management Software
438 Appendix E. Field Device Considerations 441 E.1 General Signal Safety
441 E.2 Field Device Selection 458 E.3 Flow Measurement 465 E.4 Pressure
Measurement 475 E.5 Level Measurement 476 E.6 Temperature Measurement 487
E.7 On-Stream Process Analysis 489 E.8 Automated Valves 493 E.9 Electric
Motors 504 E.10 Steam Turbine Variable Speed Drives 505 Appendix F. Sis
Equipment Selection 511 F.1 Selection Basis 511 F.2 Additional
Considerations 518 Appendix G. Human Machine Interface Design 529 G.1
General 529 G.2 Operator Interface Standards and Resources 531 G.3
Instrument Panels 533 G.4 Configurable Operator Workstations 534 G.5
Process Alarms 538 G.6 Sis Impact on HMI 545 G.7 Control-Center Environment
545 G.8 Video 546 G.9 Operator Interfaces Of Future 546 G.10 HMI
Considerations Checklist 547 Appendix H. Application Programming 551 H.1
Software Types 551 H.2 Application Program Development 552 H.3 Application
Programming Languages 554 H.4 Application Program Developmental Models 556
H.5 Process Control Application Program 557 H.6 SCAI Application Program
563 Appendix I. Instrument Reliability Program 565 I.1 Introduction 565 I.2
Tracking Failure 566 I.3 Data Taxonomy 568 I.4 Data Collection Efforts 569
I.5 Failure Investigation 571 I.6 Calculation of Failure Rate 572 I.7
Verification 576 Appendix J. Acceptance Testing Guidelines 581 J.1
Acceptance Testing 581 J.2 Standards 581 J.3 Factory Acceptance Test 582
J.4 Site Acceptance Test (SAT) 589 Index 597
Process Safety and Safe Automation 1 1.1 Objective 7 1.2 Scope 9 1.3
Limitations 9 1.4 Target Audience 11 1.5 Incidents That Define Safe
Automation 13 1.6 Overview of the Contents 18 1.7 Key Differences 21 2 The
Role of Automation in Process Safety 23 2.1 Process Operations 23 2.2 Plant
Automation 33 2.3 A Framework for Process Safety 42 2.4 Risk-Based Design
54 2.5 Risk Management of Existing Facility 78 3 Automation Specification
83 3.1 Process Automation Lifecycle 83 3.2 Functional Specification 91 3.3
Designing For Operating Objectives 92 3.4 Inherently Safer Practices 104
3.5 Designing for Core Attributes 107 3.6 Control and Safety System
Integration 133 4 Design And Implementation Of Process Control Systems 153
4.1 Input and Output Field Signal Types 161 4.2 Basic Application Program
Functions 162 4.3 Process Control Objectives 165 4.4 Process Controller
Technology Selection 172 4.5 Detailed Application Program Design 194 5
Design and Implementation of Safety Controls, Alarms, and Interlocks (SCAI)
211 5.1 SCAI Classification 215 5.2 Design Considerations 220 5.3 SCAI
Technology Selection 244 6 Administrative Controls and Monitoring 265 6.1
Introduction 265 6.2 Automation Organization Management 266 6.3 Process
Safety Information 269 6.4 Operating Procedures 273 6.5 Maintenance
Planning 291 6.6 Human and Systematic Failure Management 303 6.7 Management
of Change 316 6.8 Auditing, Monitoring and Metrics 321 Appendix A. Control
System Considerations 329 Appendix B. Power, Grounding, and Shielding 371
Appendix C. Communications 391 C.1 Communication Classifications 391 C.2
Common Communication Network Topologies 395 C.3 Communication between
Devices 397 C.4 Wireless Communication 400 C.5 Common Communication
Configurations 403 C.6 Common Data Communication Issues 407 C.7 Process
Control and Safety System Communications 412 C.8 SCAI Communications 419
Appendix D. Alarm Management 423 D.1 Alarms 423 D.2 Standards and Resources
423 D.3 Alarm Management 423 D.4 Managing the Safety Aspects Of Alarms 436
D.5 Alarm System Performance Benchmarking 437 D.6 Alarm Management Software
438 Appendix E. Field Device Considerations 441 E.1 General Signal Safety
441 E.2 Field Device Selection 458 E.3 Flow Measurement 465 E.4 Pressure
Measurement 475 E.5 Level Measurement 476 E.6 Temperature Measurement 487
E.7 On-Stream Process Analysis 489 E.8 Automated Valves 493 E.9 Electric
Motors 504 E.10 Steam Turbine Variable Speed Drives 505 Appendix F. Sis
Equipment Selection 511 F.1 Selection Basis 511 F.2 Additional
Considerations 518 Appendix G. Human Machine Interface Design 529 G.1
General 529 G.2 Operator Interface Standards and Resources 531 G.3
Instrument Panels 533 G.4 Configurable Operator Workstations 534 G.5
Process Alarms 538 G.6 Sis Impact on HMI 545 G.7 Control-Center Environment
545 G.8 Video 546 G.9 Operator Interfaces Of Future 546 G.10 HMI
Considerations Checklist 547 Appendix H. Application Programming 551 H.1
Software Types 551 H.2 Application Program Development 552 H.3 Application
Programming Languages 554 H.4 Application Program Developmental Models 556
H.5 Process Control Application Program 557 H.6 SCAI Application Program
563 Appendix I. Instrument Reliability Program 565 I.1 Introduction 565 I.2
Tracking Failure 566 I.3 Data Taxonomy 568 I.4 Data Collection Efforts 569
I.5 Failure Investigation 571 I.6 Calculation of Failure Rate 572 I.7
Verification 576 Appendix J. Acceptance Testing Guidelines 581 J.1
Acceptance Testing 581 J.2 Standards 581 J.3 Factory Acceptance Test 582
J.4 Site Acceptance Test (SAT) 589 Index 597
List of Figures Xi List of Tables Xvii Abbreviations Xix Glossary Xxiii 1
Process Safety and Safe Automation 1 1.1 Objective 7 1.2 Scope 9 1.3
Limitations 9 1.4 Target Audience 11 1.5 Incidents That Define Safe
Automation 13 1.6 Overview of the Contents 18 1.7 Key Differences 21 2 The
Role of Automation in Process Safety 23 2.1 Process Operations 23 2.2 Plant
Automation 33 2.3 A Framework for Process Safety 42 2.4 Risk-Based Design
54 2.5 Risk Management of Existing Facility 78 3 Automation Specification
83 3.1 Process Automation Lifecycle 83 3.2 Functional Specification 91 3.3
Designing For Operating Objectives 92 3.4 Inherently Safer Practices 104
3.5 Designing for Core Attributes 107 3.6 Control and Safety System
Integration 133 4 Design And Implementation Of Process Control Systems 153
4.1 Input and Output Field Signal Types 161 4.2 Basic Application Program
Functions 162 4.3 Process Control Objectives 165 4.4 Process Controller
Technology Selection 172 4.5 Detailed Application Program Design 194 5
Design and Implementation of Safety Controls, Alarms, and Interlocks (SCAI)
211 5.1 SCAI Classification 215 5.2 Design Considerations 220 5.3 SCAI
Technology Selection 244 6 Administrative Controls and Monitoring 265 6.1
Introduction 265 6.2 Automation Organization Management 266 6.3 Process
Safety Information 269 6.4 Operating Procedures 273 6.5 Maintenance
Planning 291 6.6 Human and Systematic Failure Management 303 6.7 Management
of Change 316 6.8 Auditing, Monitoring and Metrics 321 Appendix A. Control
System Considerations 329 Appendix B. Power, Grounding, and Shielding 371
Appendix C. Communications 391 C.1 Communication Classifications 391 C.2
Common Communication Network Topologies 395 C.3 Communication between
Devices 397 C.4 Wireless Communication 400 C.5 Common Communication
Configurations 403 C.6 Common Data Communication Issues 407 C.7 Process
Control and Safety System Communications 412 C.8 SCAI Communications 419
Appendix D. Alarm Management 423 D.1 Alarms 423 D.2 Standards and Resources
423 D.3 Alarm Management 423 D.4 Managing the Safety Aspects Of Alarms 436
D.5 Alarm System Performance Benchmarking 437 D.6 Alarm Management Software
438 Appendix E. Field Device Considerations 441 E.1 General Signal Safety
441 E.2 Field Device Selection 458 E.3 Flow Measurement 465 E.4 Pressure
Measurement 475 E.5 Level Measurement 476 E.6 Temperature Measurement 487
E.7 On-Stream Process Analysis 489 E.8 Automated Valves 493 E.9 Electric
Motors 504 E.10 Steam Turbine Variable Speed Drives 505 Appendix F. Sis
Equipment Selection 511 F.1 Selection Basis 511 F.2 Additional
Considerations 518 Appendix G. Human Machine Interface Design 529 G.1
General 529 G.2 Operator Interface Standards and Resources 531 G.3
Instrument Panels 533 G.4 Configurable Operator Workstations 534 G.5
Process Alarms 538 G.6 Sis Impact on HMI 545 G.7 Control-Center Environment
545 G.8 Video 546 G.9 Operator Interfaces Of Future 546 G.10 HMI
Considerations Checklist 547 Appendix H. Application Programming 551 H.1
Software Types 551 H.2 Application Program Development 552 H.3 Application
Programming Languages 554 H.4 Application Program Developmental Models 556
H.5 Process Control Application Program 557 H.6 SCAI Application Program
563 Appendix I. Instrument Reliability Program 565 I.1 Introduction 565 I.2
Tracking Failure 566 I.3 Data Taxonomy 568 I.4 Data Collection Efforts 569
I.5 Failure Investigation 571 I.6 Calculation of Failure Rate 572 I.7
Verification 576 Appendix J. Acceptance Testing Guidelines 581 J.1
Acceptance Testing 581 J.2 Standards 581 J.3 Factory Acceptance Test 582
J.4 Site Acceptance Test (SAT) 589 Index 597
Process Safety and Safe Automation 1 1.1 Objective 7 1.2 Scope 9 1.3
Limitations 9 1.4 Target Audience 11 1.5 Incidents That Define Safe
Automation 13 1.6 Overview of the Contents 18 1.7 Key Differences 21 2 The
Role of Automation in Process Safety 23 2.1 Process Operations 23 2.2 Plant
Automation 33 2.3 A Framework for Process Safety 42 2.4 Risk-Based Design
54 2.5 Risk Management of Existing Facility 78 3 Automation Specification
83 3.1 Process Automation Lifecycle 83 3.2 Functional Specification 91 3.3
Designing For Operating Objectives 92 3.4 Inherently Safer Practices 104
3.5 Designing for Core Attributes 107 3.6 Control and Safety System
Integration 133 4 Design And Implementation Of Process Control Systems 153
4.1 Input and Output Field Signal Types 161 4.2 Basic Application Program
Functions 162 4.3 Process Control Objectives 165 4.4 Process Controller
Technology Selection 172 4.5 Detailed Application Program Design 194 5
Design and Implementation of Safety Controls, Alarms, and Interlocks (SCAI)
211 5.1 SCAI Classification 215 5.2 Design Considerations 220 5.3 SCAI
Technology Selection 244 6 Administrative Controls and Monitoring 265 6.1
Introduction 265 6.2 Automation Organization Management 266 6.3 Process
Safety Information 269 6.4 Operating Procedures 273 6.5 Maintenance
Planning 291 6.6 Human and Systematic Failure Management 303 6.7 Management
of Change 316 6.8 Auditing, Monitoring and Metrics 321 Appendix A. Control
System Considerations 329 Appendix B. Power, Grounding, and Shielding 371
Appendix C. Communications 391 C.1 Communication Classifications 391 C.2
Common Communication Network Topologies 395 C.3 Communication between
Devices 397 C.4 Wireless Communication 400 C.5 Common Communication
Configurations 403 C.6 Common Data Communication Issues 407 C.7 Process
Control and Safety System Communications 412 C.8 SCAI Communications 419
Appendix D. Alarm Management 423 D.1 Alarms 423 D.2 Standards and Resources
423 D.3 Alarm Management 423 D.4 Managing the Safety Aspects Of Alarms 436
D.5 Alarm System Performance Benchmarking 437 D.6 Alarm Management Software
438 Appendix E. Field Device Considerations 441 E.1 General Signal Safety
441 E.2 Field Device Selection 458 E.3 Flow Measurement 465 E.4 Pressure
Measurement 475 E.5 Level Measurement 476 E.6 Temperature Measurement 487
E.7 On-Stream Process Analysis 489 E.8 Automated Valves 493 E.9 Electric
Motors 504 E.10 Steam Turbine Variable Speed Drives 505 Appendix F. Sis
Equipment Selection 511 F.1 Selection Basis 511 F.2 Additional
Considerations 518 Appendix G. Human Machine Interface Design 529 G.1
General 529 G.2 Operator Interface Standards and Resources 531 G.3
Instrument Panels 533 G.4 Configurable Operator Workstations 534 G.5
Process Alarms 538 G.6 Sis Impact on HMI 545 G.7 Control-Center Environment
545 G.8 Video 546 G.9 Operator Interfaces Of Future 546 G.10 HMI
Considerations Checklist 547 Appendix H. Application Programming 551 H.1
Software Types 551 H.2 Application Program Development 552 H.3 Application
Programming Languages 554 H.4 Application Program Developmental Models 556
H.5 Process Control Application Program 557 H.6 SCAI Application Program
563 Appendix I. Instrument Reliability Program 565 I.1 Introduction 565 I.2
Tracking Failure 566 I.3 Data Taxonomy 568 I.4 Data Collection Efforts 569
I.5 Failure Investigation 571 I.6 Calculation of Failure Rate 572 I.7
Verification 576 Appendix J. Acceptance Testing Guidelines 581 J.1
Acceptance Testing 581 J.2 Standards 581 J.3 Factory Acceptance Test 582
J.4 Site Acceptance Test (SAT) 589 Index 597