The High Complexity comprises a high amount of financial resources. Renal replacement therapy represents almost half of the amounts used in the outpatient segment. It is of utmost importance to understand this segment, mainly by investigating the productive environment where it is inserted. There is the delineation of an oligopolized market, with the presence of multinationals in the supply of inputs and machinery. The development of national technologies is essential for the viability of the dialysis industrial park in Brazil. This text contributes to the understanding of this public health issue.